Art of Darkness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Art of Darkness - Essay Example rop Frye discusses it in his essay, refers simply to a special kind of narrative.1 The special nature of this narrative is that it is devised to reflect the beliefs of a particular culture, especially as it uses the concept of the supernatural to explore and explain natural events and the essence of human nature. Frye’s argument is that this mythic narrative is included in almost all of the archetypes used in literature and that these concepts are also found within our most sacred ritual events as we continue to seek the true nature of the order of life. Considering Frye’s discussion of myth, ritual and the natural cycle as it is presented in The Archetypes of Literature, it can be seen that there are several rituals and beliefs that we experience in modern life that we are perhaps not even aware of as being a voluntary affirmation of the natural order of life, such as the beliefs we associate with the concept of darkness. An examination into the traditional values asso ciated with darkness helps to inform the shift in focus seen as the world began to shift into its more modern configuration. Generally acknowledged to have started with the publication of Horace Walpole’s novel The Castle of Otranto in 1764, the Gothic genre represents a fundamental shift in thinking from one dominated by ideals and reason to one of imagination and emotion.2 Gothic literature is characterized by its unique way of combining horror and romance to create a completely new genre that, particularly after the advent of Sigmund Freud and his psychoanalytic theory,3 focused more and more on the power of the mind to terrify itself. Common elements found within Gothic literature include terror, the supernatural, ghosts, haunted houses with a particular type of architecture, castles, darkness, death, madness, secrets and hereditary curses. Characters typically fall into stereotypical personas such as the femmes fatales, flawed heroes, monsters of various types and flawed individuals.

Plato | Introduction and Evaluation

Plato | Introduction and Evaluation Plato An allegory, by definition, is a figurative mode of representation conveying a meaning other then the literal. An allegory is referred to as a figure of language but it does not need to be expressed this way. It can be expressed in pictures, sculptures, and other forms of art. The â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† is of that used by Plato within his work, The Republic. This work is examined by his student Socrates and is found to be related to Plato’s â€Å"Metaphor of the Sun† and â€Å"analogy of the divided line.† Plato’s Republic tries to illustrate the degrees in which our nature can be enlightened or unenlightened. Plato in a discussion with an acquaintance by the name Glaucon, urges him to imagine the condition of men living in a sort of cavernous chamber underground, with an entrance open to the light and a long passage all down the cave. Here the men have remained since childhood, chained by the leg and by the neck. The men cannot move and can only see what is in front of them. At a high distance up there is a light of a fire burning behind them, between said fire and the prisoners there is a parapet built along it. This is used to hide the performers who show their puppets along the top of the parapet. Behind the parapet, there are a number of people carrying various artificial objects, including figures of men and animals in wood or stone and various other materials. There objects are projected above the parapet. Some of the persons are talking while others remain silent. According to Plato the prisoners confined would see nothing of themselves or others except for a bit of the cave shadows carried past. They would also only speak in reference to said shadows. In every way, the prisoners would recognize reality as nothing but the shadows of those artificial objects. Plato then asks us to consider what would happen if one of the prisoners was released from their chains and set free. That prisoner would be forced to have to stand up, walk upright, and walk with his eyes directed towards the light. All these movements would be painful to said prisoner. The prisoner would also be dazzled by all that existed in this â€Å"outside world† to notice what objects had been making the illusions and shadows all along. If someone told him that what he had formerly had seen was a meaningless illusion and was actually now nearer to reality then before, it would be extremely difficult for the prisoner to believe. If someone actually showed him the various obje cts being carried and told what each of them was, the prisoner would be perplexed and would probably believe that most of the objects shown to him were not real and what he formerly saw was. Plato then goes on to detail what would happen if the prisoner had to look at the firelight itself. According to Plato, the prisoner’s eyes would ache and he would try to escape to the things he could see distinctly. The prisoner would then be convinced that they were clearer then those other objects being shown to him. Plato also addresses what would happen if the prisoner were to be dragged away forcibly up the steep and rugged ascent and would not be let go until he faced the sunlight. The prisoner would be so affected by his treatment that he would suffer pain and confusion. The prisoner would then be blinded by the light of the sun and would not be able to see any of the objects he was told were now existent and real. The prisoner would need to grow accustomed before he could see things in the â€Å"upper world.† He would have to start small, viewing things such as shadows and reflections before he viewed more complex images such as that of sky, the light of the moon, and the stars. The prisoner would then move on to view the Sun and contemplate its existence. From examining it, the prisoner would then conclude that the Sun produces the seasons and the course of the year and controls everything in the visible world, and moreover it is the cause of all that he and his companions use to see. The prisoner would then consider his former fellow prisoners and he would surely think himself happy in the change and would feel sorry for them. The prisoners may have had a practice where they honored and commended one another, with a prize for the man who had the keenest eye for the passing of shadows and the best memory for the order in which they followed or accompanied one another, so that he could make a good guess as to which was going to come next. Plato questions whether the released prisoner would be likely to covet those prizes or to envy the men exalted to honor or power in the cave. Plato questions if the prisoner would be like Homer’s Achilles, and he would far sooner endure â€Å"being on earth as a hired servant in the house of a landless man† or endure anything rather then go back to his old beliefs and live in the old way. Plato then goes on to imagine what would happen if the prisoner went down again to take his former place within the cave. The prisoner would be emerging from the sunlight into a cavern filled with darkness. He would possibly be required to give his opinion on shadows, in competition with the prisoners who had never been released, while his eyes were still dim and unsteady, since the prisoner has not yet accustomed himself to the light. The other prisoners would laugh at him and say that he had left only to come back with his eyesight damaged, this according to itself would caution them from attempting to escape the cave. If someone did try to free them, they would more then likely to lay hands upon said person and try to kill them. Plato then goes on to explain several things. The prison-like cave corresponds to the region revealed to us through the sense of sight and the firelight within it is similar to the power of the sun. The ascent to see the things in the upper world would be similar to the upward journey of the soul into the intelligible world. According to Plato, this is what he feels to be true but only Heaven truly knows whether it is true. According to Plato, in the world of knowledge, the last thing to be perceived and with great difficultly is the essential Form of Goodness. Once it is perceived, the conclusions must follow that, for all things, this is the cause of whatever is right and good in the visible world it gives birth to light and to the lord of light, white it is itself sovereign in the intelligible world and the parent of intelligence and truth. Without having had a vision of this Form no one can act with wisdom, either in his own life or in matters of the state According to Plato, individuals who have reached this state are often reluctant to manage the affairs of men. Their souls long to spend all their time in the upper world. They would have a difficult time interpreting from larger affairs such as the contemplation of divine things as opposed to the miseries of normal human life. The sensible man will remember that the eyes may be confused in two ways, by the change from light to darkness or from darkness to light; he will recognize that the same thing happens to the soul. He will then notice that the soul faces such differences. The soul will have difficulty differentiating between good and evil. In essence, education is not what it is said to be by some it does not put knowledge into a soul which goes not possess it, on the contrary, the soul has every available capability to have the power of leaning the truth and the organ to see it with. In order for one’s eye to see light instead of darkness their entire soul must be turned away from the changing world until its eye can bear to contemplate reality and the supreme splendor which we have called the Good. Hence there may well be an art whose aim would be to affect this very thing, the conversion of the soul; this would ensure that the soul instead of looking in the wrong direction would face the way it ought to be. We as individuals have souls that tell us the difference between good and evil. Our conscience helps us in learning what is morally acceptable and what is ultimately not. According to Plato, wisdom is the virtue of divine faculty, it never loses its power, its use for good or evil depends on which way it is turned. The use of wisdom, however, can be greatly harmful when it is used for evil. Plato then goes on to detail how a state cannot be properly governed by those who are uneducated. These people know nothing of the truth and cannot differentiate from what is good and what is inherently evil. It is up to the duty of philosophers to inform the public of what is good. Philosophers must teach other to make the journey towards wisdom. It is then that law can be property applied to ensure the welfare of the commonwealth as a whole. This will ultimately unite citizens in harmony; the community will share its rights and privileges as one. This will ultimately lead to a more united state. According to Plato, there is no real injustice in compelling philosophers to watch over and care for other citizens. Philosophers will have to act as teachers and mentors to ultimately secure the safety of a nation. Due to this, individuals will become more capable of being men of thought and men of action. Individuals would then be able to live with the rest of the world in â€Å"darkness.† The only difference is that they will be able to recognize every image for what it is and what it represents. These individuals will already be familiar with the concepts of justice, beauty, and goodness. Due to this, society would be more suitable to live in. Those in office or in power will understand the needs of their nation and of their people. According to Plato, this government will ultimately be based in truth. A true government is at its best and free only when its rulers understands the consequences of his actions, the needs of his people, and does not desire power and glory. The holding of ruler and power will only be viewed as an unavoidable necessity. The truth, according to Plato, is that we can have a well-governed society only if our rulers discover that there is a better life then that of being in office. Then power will be in the hands of men who value happiness and a good wise life above everything else. What goes wrong in government is when individuals seek happiness and power from public affairs. These rulers seek about fighting for power, thus ruining themselves and their own country. The life of true philosophy is that only one that looks down upon offices of state, who does not seek power and who does not love the ability to rule. If this does not exist, then life is open to warfare and turmoil. Ultimately, the best life is that of one lead by someone who seeks the best principles of government. One who does not covet power or wealth. This will ultimately lead to a good life for the ruler and his nation, this in the end being the best reward of all. Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† explains to us how we as individuals are in a â€Å"lower realm† of knowledge. The Allegory of the Cave symbolizes this journey and how it would look to those still in a lower realm. Plato is saying that humans are all prisoners and that the tangible world is our cave. The things which we perceive as real are actually just shadows on a wall. Just as the escaped prisoner ascends into the light of the sun, we amass knowledge and ascend into the light of true reality, where ideas in our minds can help us understand the form of â€Å"The Good†. This notion of â€Å"The Good† ultimately leads us to live successful lives that are based on knowledge, much like rulers who know what is needed to maintain the welfare of their nation. Knowledge is the greatest thing to have, according to Plato it is the basis for all things â€Å"good† within the universe.

Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart - The Downfall of the Ibo Essay

One of Chinua Achebe’s goals in Things Fall Apart is to portray Ibo culture vividly and honestly. Unlike European perspectives of the Africans – such as Conrad’s Heart of Darkness – Achebe’s representation explains intricate customs, rituals, and laws and develops individual characters. Things Fall Apart shows Ibo society to be fully functioning and full of life. However, Achebe maintains his objectivity and avoids giving the Ibo any undue sympathy, painting some of their customs – such as the mandatory abandonment of infant twins – in a questionable light. While it is easy for us – especially in this age of political correctness and multiculturalism – to place upon the white man all the blame for the downfall of the Ibo, Achebe does not make the situation so simple. In fact, it is the acquiescence of his comrades, not the intrusion of the Europeans, which eventually causes Okonkwo to take his own life. Thus, it is difficult to place the Ibo and the white men into traditional categories of good and evil, for each exhibits positive and negative qualities. Although the Ibo certainly possessed a lively, stable society before the Europeans arrived, their internal struggles contributed to their own demise. DEVELOPED CULTURE Throughout the novel, Achebe offers detailed illustrations of the richness of Ibo culture. Many episodes do not directly advance the plot, but rather serve to provide examples of this culture. One of the most significant signs of the development of Ibo culture is its system of laws and justice. A whole chapter describes the proceedings as egwugwu (important clansmen who dress as village ancestors) determine the verdict in a wife-beating case (87). The villagers are not stupid enough to believe... ...ld do if the missionaries brought military reinforcements. In any case, if Ibo society can be compared to a tragic hero, its irrational beliefs would be its tragic flaw. It was these beliefs which directly alienated members of society, such as Nwoye, Nneka, and the osu, and created a rift within the Ibo. While such beliefs and customs are certainly evidence of the depth of Ibo culture, their irrational basis could not withstand the white man’s defiance of them, as shown by the church’s survival in the Evil Forest. Ironically, it is these beliefs – the presence of a social structure, the development of a religion – which not only show the richness of Ibo culture, but also lead to its downfall. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. â€Å"An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness.† An Introduction to Literature. Terry, Joseph. New York, NY: Longman, 2001.

The Proposed Pilot Based Estimation Methods

The Proposed Pilot Based Estimation Methods Chapter Three The Proposed Pilot Based Estimation MethodsIntroductionIn this chapter, three proposed pilot allotment agreements would be discussed. The three proposals depends upon the pilot subcarrier distribution over the OFDM symbols with regard to both time-frequency allotment. The allotment would change for the same allotment proposal as different figure of pilots are used to keep different system public presentations. By analyzing those public presentations, a tradeoff based results can be used to take most optimal set for the needed system specifications, i.e. channel position and transmittal demands. Furthermore, those specifications can be changed during transmittal period harmonizing to the fluctuation in channel position or the alteration in transmittal demands by merely delegating a search tabular array for the system algorithm, i.e. â€Å"Flexible Pilot Insertion† .The Proposed MethodsThree pilot allotment agreements are proposed and simulated to analyze system public presentat ion for them. Fixed Pilot Allocation, Random Pilot Allocation and Lattice Pilot Allocation.Fixed Pilot AllocationsIn this OFDM symbol agreement, the pilot subcarriers are distributed in a mode that keeps there locations fixed for whole the OFDM symbols along whole the transmittal period. This allotment is similar to comb-type pilot agreement except that the infinites between the pilots are non needfully the same. The locations of pilot subcarriers of each figure of pilot set ( NP) are predefined in both sender and receiving system, therefore channel appraisal and insertion can took topographic point. Below figure 3.1 shows the proposed fixed pilot allotment agreement over frequency-time sphere for the 64-Subcarrier OFDM system.Subcarrier8 pilots OFDM Symbol16 pilots OFDM Symbol24 pilots OFDM Symbol32 pilots OFDM Symbol40 pilots OFDM Symbol1PhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus2CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus3CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferol4CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus5CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus6CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol7CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus8CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol9CalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus10PhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol11CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus12CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus13CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol14CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus15CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus16CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol17CalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus18CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus19PhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol20Calcif erolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus21CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol22CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus23CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferol24CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus25CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus26CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol27CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus28PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol29CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus30CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus31CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferol32CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus33CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus34CalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol35CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus36CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol37PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus38CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus39CalciferolCalci ferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol40CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus41CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol42CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus43CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol44CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus45CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus46PhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol47CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus48CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorus49CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol50CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus51CalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferol52CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus53CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus54CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol55PhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus56CalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol57CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorus58CalciferolCalciferolCalc iferolCalciferolCalciferol59CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus60CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus61CalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorus62CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol63CalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus64PhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPilot SubcarrierCalciferolDatas SubcarrierFigure 3.1 Fixed Pilot Allocation Frequency-Time ArrangementRandom Pilot AllocationsIn this OFDM symbol agreement, the pilot subcarriers are distributed indiscriminately over each OFDM symbol, while the figure of are kept the same which is specified by the NPset that used. The chief benefit of such allotment is randomness might increase the chance of tracking unpredictable fluctuation in both frequency-selective and time-variant channel. This method shows really important public presentation for utilizing different figure of pilot for channel appraisal, which would be efficient for aggressive channel s. However, as the sender generates random locations for pilots in each OFDM symbol, those location must be sent to the receiving system, so it can utilize those locations tones as pilots for appraisal. Below figure 3.2 illustrates the possible Random pilot allotment agreement over frequency-time sphere for the OFDM system. PhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphor usCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosp horusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusPhosphorusPilot SubcarrierCalciferolDatas SubcarrierFigure 3.2. Frequency-Time Random Pilot AllocationLattice Pilot AllocationsFor the Lattice pilot agreement, pilot subcarriers are inserted along both the clip and frequence axes. This pilot distribution in both clip and frequence axes facilitate both time-frequency sphere insertions for channel appraisal. However, the proposed distribution is differs from the traditional Lattic e agreement by that the pilot spacing along frequence axis are non the same. The pilot places are predefined for each NP ­set. While for the clip axis, the pilots swipe the whole OFDM subcarriers by switching their location with each OFDM symbol. Therefore with a specific clip period, the whole subcarriers would been used as pilot tones for preparation. The form for each NPset are known and stored in the receiving system, so it can utilize this form for channel appraisal on the accurate pilot locations. Here once more, the chief benefit for this allotment is to guarantee tracking the fluctuation in both frequency-selective and time-variant channel instead than maintain utilizing the same subcarriers for pilot dozenss, which might neglect to track frequency-selective channels. Below figure 3.3 shows the proposed Lattice pilot allotment agreement over frequency-time axes for the OFDM system.Subcarrier40-Subcarriers Pilot32-Subcarriers Pilot24-Subcarriers Pilot16-Subcarriers Pilot8-S ubcarriers Pilot1PhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol2CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol3PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol4CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol5PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalcif erolCalciferolCalciferol6CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol7PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferol8PhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorus9PhosphorusPhosphorusPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol10CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalcife rolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol11PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol12CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol13PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferol14CalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolCalciferolPhosphorusCalciferolCalciferol15PhosphorusCalciferolPhosphorusEssay Writing Service Fully referenced, delivered on clip, Essay Writing Service.Assignment Writing Service Everything we do is focussed on composing the best possible assignment for your exact demandsTaging Service Our Marking Service will assist you pick out the countries of your work that need betterment.View our servicesFree APA Referencing Tool Create your 6th Edition APA mentions rapidly, easy and for free!Free Harvard Referencing Tool Our free online Harvard Referencing Tool makes citing easy.Free Vancouver Referencing Tool Get aid with your Vancouver referencing with our free online tool.Free Study Guides Everything you need to cognize during your surveiesTopographic point an order now Our experts are waiting to assist you with your essayOur experts can assist you with your essay inquiryGet down your orderNo thanksRequest RemovalIf you are the original author of this essay and no longer wish to hold the essay published on the UK Essays web site so delight chink on the nexus below to bespeak remotion:Request the remotion of this essay

Aircraft Maintenance manuals

An airport cannot function without management. An airport manager may work for a large international airport or they may work for a small municipal airport, but generally the job duties and description will be almost the same. The main responsibility of the airport manager is to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the airport on a daily basis.This includes supporting staff and making sure that all staff is able to provide polite, prompt and correct information to travels, know airport policies and procedures, scheduling the appropriate number of staff, ensuring that all ticketing and security systems are in excellent working condition and troubleshooting any problems are all part of the airport managers job. The airport manager works closely with federal and state aviation committees and department that generate rules and regulations for all aspects of airport business and security.The airport manager must ensure that all aspects of the airport are functioning within these reg ulations or he or she must take the necessary actions to bring them into compliance. This may mean directly working with airport staff or working with the employees or businesses that rent space in the airport terminal. With working with airport staff, the manager must have a good amount of knowledge to understand the issues the staff is working with, such as aircraft maintenance. Aircraft maintenance is an important matter in which managers should have a good understanding of.Without good management in aircraft maintenance, conflicts can damage the safety and efficiency of an airport. As a manager, it is important to hire the most qualified technician and mechanic for operating on aircraft systems and maintenance. The aviation technician should be able to catch up with the new technologies as quickly as possible. New aircraft technology is brought in regularly, aircraft are regularly upgraded. Choosing the appropriate training methods and developing efficient and helpful training m aterial presumes an improved level of significance in current aviation maintenance atmosphere.Training and management entail the capability to evaluate workers' needs, assess personality traits, and develop challenging performance requirements. Training should be regarded as an integral part of the aviation management for attaining the safest maintenance. Having a maintenance program is also essential for achieving the highest possible level of safety for an airport. Managers should know if each of their aircraft is airworthy and properly maintained for operations in air transportation.The aircraft maintenance manual is a great guide in performing in accordance to for all maintenance on the aircrafts. Aircraft maintenance manuals must comply with FAR Parts 135 and 121, which is required by the Federal Aviation Administration regulations. In this manual, a manager can find sections of administrative policies and procedures, detailed instructions for administration, management, and ac complishment of the maintenance program, and technical manuals that describe maintenance standards, methods, techniques, and procedures (Aircraft Maintenance, 8).In addition to knowing maintenance regulations, a manager should also know and understand inspection regulations as well. It is highly important to have the correct inspections and know when to have those inspections for each aircraft in order for them to be airworthy. Having this knowledge will help maintain a safer and more efficient program, because if there were some aircrafts that are unairworthy, then that would waste time and costs for getting out of the way and getting it done. It is always important to sustain an inspected and maintained aircraft for the safety of the air transportation environment.Aging aircraft could also present particular dangers to personnel and passengers. Some aircraft remain in use far beyond the lifetimes initially envisioned when they were manufactured (Ells). Aircraft managers, therefore , should have a thorough plan in place for the maintenance of aircraft that are aging. In such a case, particular teams of people could also be assigned to the regular inspection and repair of such aircraft. The AOPA (Ells) provides a list of sources that should be inherent in a maintenance plan for aging aircraft.A complete list of logbook entries, for example, could provide valuable information relating to maintenance trends and the probably current level of repair. Major repairs should also be listed in such a logbook. Aircraft records from the FAA are also an important component of this investigation and can provide information such as bills-of-sale, repair, and alterations to the aircraft. Having such information on hand will make it much easier to investigate the state of repair of aging aircraft and also to plan for future inspection and repair efforts.It is vital that aging aircraft and all other aircraft to be kept in good working condition to minimize breakdown and acciden ts. Managers have the responsibility to ensure that all maintenance is performed in accordance with FAA and company guidelines. It is always important to know the aircraft systems, how they function and their errors, and know when aircraft inspections and maintenance should occur. Having a well-organized maintenance program will guarantee a safe and efficient airport. References (2012). Airport Management Jobs.Retrieved from http://www. avjobs. com/careers/detail. asp? RecID=65#. UHTLvFEkosw (2011). Federal Aviation Regulations. Retrieved from , http://www. risingup. com/fars/info/part121-135-FAR. shtml (2012). Aircraft Maintenance. Retrieved from https://erau. blackboard. com/bbcswebdav/institution/Worldwide_Online/MGMT_203/pre sentations/mgmt_203_m5_aiircraft_maintenance. pdf Ells, Steven. (2011). Retieved from http://www. aopa. org/members/files/pilot/2000/aging0006. html